When Caregiving Ends: The Course of Depressive Symptoms after Bereavement

Autor/inn/en	Aneshensel, Carol S.; Botticello, Amanda L.; Yamamoto-Mitani, Noriko
Titel	When Caregiving Ends: The Course of Depressive Symptoms after Bereavement
Quelle	In: Journal of Health and Social Behavior, 45 (2004) 4, S.422-440 (19 Seiten) PDF als Volltext Verfügbarkeit
Sprache	englisch
Dokumenttyp	gedruckt; online; Zeitschriftenaufsatz
ISSN	0022-1465
DOI	10.1177/002214650404500405
Schlagwörter	Caring; Grief; Alzheimers Disease; Caregivers; Death; Depression (Psychology); Symptoms (Individual Disorders); Stress Variables; Longitudinal Studies; Spouses; Interviews; Well Being; Role; Emotional Disturbances; Intervention; Emotional Adjustment + Suchen Sie Ihr Suchwort? Care; Pflege; Sorge; Betreuung; Trauer; Caregiver; Carer; Betreuungsperson; Pfleger; Sterbefall; Tod; Todesfall; Psychiatrische Symptomatik; Longitudinal study; Longitudinal method; Longitudinal methods; Längsschnittuntersuchung; Ehepartner; Interviewing; Interviewtechnik; Well-being; Wellness; Wohlbefinden; Rollen; Gefühlsstörung; Emotionale Anpassung
Abstract	This study describes depressive symptoms among caregivers following bereavement and connects these trajectories to earlier features of caregiving using life course and stress process theory. Data are from a six-wave longitudinal survey (five years) of spouses and adult children caring for someone with Alzheimer's Disease. The analytic subsample (N = 291) is defined by death of the care-recipient after the baseline interview. A latent class mixture model is used to identify distinctive clusters of depressive symptoms over time. Of the four trajectories identified, three represent stable symptom levels over time, with two-thirds being repeatedly symptomatic (medium symptom levels), compared to two smaller groups of repeatedly asymptomatic (effectively absent of symptoms) and repeatedly distressed (severe symptoms). In contrast, about one in five caregivers experiences improved emotional well-being over time, the temporarily distressed, who progress from severe to moderate symptom levels. Caregivers with few symptoms before bereavement tend to maintain these states afterwards, but emotionally distressed caregivers tend to become more distressed. Role overload before bereavement substantially increases the odds of following an unfavorable trajectory afterwards, whereas self-esteem and socioemotional support play protective roles. These results demonstrate that caregivers are not uniform in their emotional responses to bereavement, but follow several distinct trajectories. These trajectories are linked to their previous experiences as caregivers, in particular exposure to stressors and access to resources. These findings suggest that intervention during caregiving may facilitate adaptation following death of a loved one. (Contains 3 tables, 2 figures, and 6 notes.) (As Provided).
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Erfasst von	ERIC (Education Resources Information Center), Washington, DC
Update	2017/4/10